ABSTRACT
Background: Urolithiasis is a disease as old as civilization and this has been troubling mankind from the very beginning of history. Seeds as well as extract of D. biflorus have frequently been used by patients of urolithiasis for dissolution of urinary calculi or to prevent recurrence. The present project has been undertaken to evaluate its effect on urine chemistry of stone formers. Materials & Methods: Twenty two patients suffering from radiologically proved urinary calculus disease treated at district Hospital, Dungarpur were included in the present study. A detailed history in respect to family history of calculus disease, socio-economic status, dietary habits, present and past complaints some clinical findings were recorded. The clinical trial of Dolichos biflorus was carried out in postoperative period of operated patients. Results: The age ranged from 9 to 70 years and men was 35.45 (+15) years. The body surface area ranged from 0.63 to 1.60m2 and mean was 1.53 (+0.25) m2. The lowest 24 hours volume in the 1st sample (pre-operative) was 320 ml. and highest was 2300 ml., mean being 2000 ml. in volume. In IInd samples (post-operative) the 24 hours urine volume ranged from 560 to 2250 ml. mean being 1338 (+515) ml. Three urine samples measured more than 2000 ml. in volume. In IIIrd samples (post Dolichos) the urinary volume ranged from 600 to 2620 mm1/24 hours, mean being 1494 (+ 565) ml. and four urine samples measured more than 2000 ml. Conclusion: We concluded that our study does not show any protective action of Dolichos biflorus ingestion on urolithiasis.
ABSTRACT
Plant protease inhibitors (PIs) are generally small proteins which play key roles in regulation of endogenous proteases and may exhibit antifeedant, antifungal, antitumor and cytokine inducing activities. Dolichos biflorus (horse gram) is an unexploited legume, which is rich in nutrients and also has therapeutic importance. It contains a double-headed PI, which is an anti-nutritional factor. As there is no report available on its simultaneous removal and purification in single step, in this study, a double-headed PI active against both trypsin and chymotrypsin was purified from Dolichos biflorus to ~14-fold with ~84% recovery using an immobilized metal affinity chromatography (IMAC) medium consisting of Zn-alginate beads. The method was single-step, fast, simple, reliable and economical. The purified inhibitor showed a single band on SDS-PAGE corresponding to molecular mass of 16 kDa and was stable over a pH range of 2.0-12.0 and up to a temperature of 100°C for 20 min. The optimum temperature for trypsin and chymotrypsin inhibitor was observed to be 50°C and 37°C, respectively and pH optimum was pH 7.0 and 8.0, respectively. Thus, IMAC using Zn-alginate beads was useful in simultaneous purification and removal of an anti-nutritional factor from horse gram flour in single step. This procedure may also be employed for purification of other plant PIs in one step.
Subject(s)
Alginates/chemistry , Chromatography, Affinity/methods , Dolichos/chemistry , Hydrogen-Ion Concentration , Microspheres , Molecular Weight , Plant Proteins/chemistry , Plant Proteins/isolation & purification , Protease Inhibitors/chemistry , Protease Inhibitors/isolation & purification , Protein Stability , Temperature , Zinc/chemistryABSTRACT
Diabetes mellitus is a chronic disease characterized by hyperglycemia and dyslipidemia, which leads to severe morbid complications. In view of the effectiveness of conventional herbal adjutants the present study was taken to assess the anti-diabetic and anti-lipidemic effect of Dolichos biflorus. 32 healthy albino rats of either sex were randomly divided into 4 equal groups (I–IV) each having 8 rats. Group I, control rats received only vehicular fluid while Group II received only Dolichos biflorus for the experimental period of 30 days. Diabetes was induced in Group II and Group IV rats by single intravenous dose of STZ and confirmed on 3rd day with fasting blood sugar (FBS) more than 250 mg/dl. Group III diabetic rats, received vehicular fluid while Group IV diabetic rats received Dolichos biflorus in single dose of 300 mg/kg body weight/day intra-gastrically up to the experimental period of 30 days. FBS levels were assessed on 1st, 8th, 15th, 22nd and 30th day. On last day overnight fasted rats were sacrificed for drawing the sample for lipid profile from beating heart and harvested for pancreatic tissue histology. Data obtained showed that FBS levels were decreased significantly when Dolichos biflorus was given to diabetic rats from mean±SD values 362±63.36 to 118±38.55 with p value < 001.S cholesterol and S. triglyceride levels were also decreased significantly with P value < 001. It was concluded that Dolichos biflorus has anti-diabetic and anti-lipidemic effect at daily oral dose and can be used as an adjuvant for management of diabetes mellitus and its associated complications.
ABSTRACT
Effect of consumption of three different doses (2%, 4% and 6%, w/w) of Dolichos biflorus Linn. seeds on hepatic drug metabolizing enzymes, antioxidant enzymes, reduced glutathione content, lactate dehydrogenase and lipid peroxidation in Swiss albino mice has been reported. Anti-carcinogenic effect has been studied by 7,12-dimethylbenzanthracene (DMBA)-induced skin and benzo(a)pyrene[B(a)P]-induced forestomach papillomagenesis models. D. biflorus consumption resulted in a significant increase in hepatic carcinogen metabolizing enzyme systems especially at 4% and 6% doses. Significant increase in reduced glutathione content (GSH) and specific activities of antioxidant enzymes such as superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT), glutathione peroxidase (GPX) and glutathione reductase (GR) in liver of mice, at 4% and 6% doses has been reported. Lactate dehydrogensae (LDH) activity and peroxidative damage has been significantly decreased at 4% and 6% doses. In skin papillomagenesis model, 4% and 6% dose in diet significantly reduced the tumor incidence (up to 25%), tumor multiplicity (up to 59%) and tumor volume per mouse (up to 70%) as compared to DMBA treated group. Importantly, significant reduction in tumor incidence (up to 33%) and tumor multiplicity (up to 61%) was evident for forestomach papillomagenesis model.
ABSTRACT
An inhibitor of trypsin and chymotrypsin was purified from horse gram (Dolichos biflorus) beans. The concentration of the inhibitor which provided total inhibition was 0.27 μg/μg tryptic enzyme and 0.46 μg/μg chymotryptic enzyme. The inhibitor was stable at 37°C between pH of 3 to 11 and at 97°C, upto pH 5.0 only. While the activities were rapidly lost in 0.1Ν NaO H the loss was only 5 0% in 0.1Ν HCl when kept for 2 h at 97°C. On heating at pH 7.8, it remained stable upto 80°C with a gradual loss in activities at 97°C and a total loss occurring by autoclaving at 15 psi for 10 min. Reduction of disulphide bonds by 2-mercaptoethanol, pronase digestion and boiling in the presence of 1 Μ NaCl led to reduction in the activities. However, the inhibitor was resistant to the action of pepsin and subtilisin and to urea at 37°C.